TY - JOUR
T1 - Prevalence and Risk Factors of Multitype Post-COVID Pain in a Cohort of Previously Hospitalized COVID-19 Survivors
T2 - A Danish Cross-Sectional Survey
AU - Ebbesen, Brian Duborg
AU - Giordano, Rocco
AU - Hedegaard, Jakob Nebeling
AU - Calero, Juan Antonio Valera
AU - Fernández-de-las-Peñas, César
AU - Rasmussen, Bodil Steen
AU - Nielsen, Henrik
AU - Schiøttz-Christensen, Berit
AU - Petersen, Pernille Lykke
AU - Castaldo, Matteo
AU - Arendt-Nielsen, Lars
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 United States Association for the Study of Pain, Inc.
PY - 2024/5/23
Y1 - 2024/5/23
N2 - This population-based study investigated the prevalence of de novo, multitype, post-coronavirus disease (COVID) pain and its associated risk factors in previously hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors. The nationwide, cross-sectional study included a cohort of Danish residents previously hospitalized due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection between March 2020 and December 2021. Demographic data, preexisting medical comorbidities, previous pain-related symptoms, medication use for pain management, pain intensity (4-point scale), and development of de novo, multitype, post-COVID pain were collected by a self-reported survey distributed via e-Boks (a secured national digital mail system used in Denmark to provide public information to residents). The sample comprised 4,712 previously hospitalized COVID-19 survivors (48.6% women, mean age: 60.1 ± 15.6 years). At the time of the study (21 ± 6 months after hospitalization), 18.0% (847) reported the presence of de novo, multitype, post-COVID pain, and 38.6% of any pain. A multivariate analysis revealed that female sex (Odds Ratio (OR) 1.711, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.444–2.023), higher body mass index (OR 1.032, 95% CI 1.019–1.045), intensive care unit admission (OR 1.597, 95% CI 1.324–1.926), previous history of whiplash (OR 2.471, 95% CI 1.004–6.081), anxiety (OR 3.626, 95% CI 1.335–9.708), and younger age (OR .982, 95% CI .976–.987) were factors associated with development of de novo, multitype, post-COVID pain. High income (OR .635, 95% CI .494–.817) and high educational level (OR .774, 95% CI .609–.984) were protective factors. In conclusion, multitype pain as a de novo post-COVID symptom was present in 18.0% of previously hospitalized COVID-19 survivors more than 1 year after hospital discharge and as such can be considered as adding to the global burden of chronic pain. Perspective: The study investigates the prevalence of de novo, multitype, post-COVID pain in previously hospitalized COVID-19 survivors. This article presents potential risk factors associated with developing new pain symptoms. The results will contribute to understanding the possibility of predicting postinfectious pain from COVID-19 for future analysis.
AB - This population-based study investigated the prevalence of de novo, multitype, post-coronavirus disease (COVID) pain and its associated risk factors in previously hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors. The nationwide, cross-sectional study included a cohort of Danish residents previously hospitalized due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection between March 2020 and December 2021. Demographic data, preexisting medical comorbidities, previous pain-related symptoms, medication use for pain management, pain intensity (4-point scale), and development of de novo, multitype, post-COVID pain were collected by a self-reported survey distributed via e-Boks (a secured national digital mail system used in Denmark to provide public information to residents). The sample comprised 4,712 previously hospitalized COVID-19 survivors (48.6% women, mean age: 60.1 ± 15.6 years). At the time of the study (21 ± 6 months after hospitalization), 18.0% (847) reported the presence of de novo, multitype, post-COVID pain, and 38.6% of any pain. A multivariate analysis revealed that female sex (Odds Ratio (OR) 1.711, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.444–2.023), higher body mass index (OR 1.032, 95% CI 1.019–1.045), intensive care unit admission (OR 1.597, 95% CI 1.324–1.926), previous history of whiplash (OR 2.471, 95% CI 1.004–6.081), anxiety (OR 3.626, 95% CI 1.335–9.708), and younger age (OR .982, 95% CI .976–.987) were factors associated with development of de novo, multitype, post-COVID pain. High income (OR .635, 95% CI .494–.817) and high educational level (OR .774, 95% CI .609–.984) were protective factors. In conclusion, multitype pain as a de novo post-COVID symptom was present in 18.0% of previously hospitalized COVID-19 survivors more than 1 year after hospital discharge and as such can be considered as adding to the global burden of chronic pain. Perspective: The study investigates the prevalence of de novo, multitype, post-COVID pain in previously hospitalized COVID-19 survivors. This article presents potential risk factors associated with developing new pain symptoms. The results will contribute to understanding the possibility of predicting postinfectious pain from COVID-19 for future analysis.
KW - COVID-19
KW - hospitalization
KW - multitype pain
KW - post COVID
KW - risk factors
U2 - 10.1016/j.jpain.2024.104579
DO - 10.1016/j.jpain.2024.104579
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 38796126
AN - SCOPUS:85195632375
SN - 1526-5900
JO - Journal of Pain
JF - Journal of Pain
M1 - 104579
ER -