TY - JOUR
T1 - Milk consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes
T2 - A systematic review of Mendelian randomization studies
AU - Jensen, Christopher Fisker
AU - Timofeeva, Maria
AU - Berg-Beckhoff, Gabriele
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Author(s)
PY - 2023/7
Y1 - 2023/7
N2 - Aims: Previously, no relationship between milk consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes has been found in prospective cohorts. However, Mendelian randomization allows researchers to almost bypass much residual confounding, providing a more precise effect estimate. This systematic review aims to investigate the risk of type 2 diabetes and levels of HbA1c by assessing all Mendelian Randomization studies investigating this subject matter.Data synthesis: PubMed and EMBASE were searched from October 2021 through February 2023. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were formulated to filter out irrelevant studies. Studies were qualitatively assessed with STROBE-MR together with a list of five MR criteria. Six studies were identified, containing several thousand participants. All studies used the SNP rs4988235 as the main exposure and type 2 diabetes and/or HbA1c as the main outcome. Five studies were graded as “good” with STROBE-MR, with one graded as “fair”. For the six MR criteria, five studies were graded “good” in four criteria, while two studies were graded “good” in two criteria. Overall, genetically predicted milk consumption did not seem to be associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Conclusions: This systematic review found that genetically predicted milk consumption did not seem to increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. Future Mendelian randomization studies concerning this topic should consider conducting two-sample Mendelian Randomization studies, in order to derive a more valid effect estimate.
AB - Aims: Previously, no relationship between milk consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes has been found in prospective cohorts. However, Mendelian randomization allows researchers to almost bypass much residual confounding, providing a more precise effect estimate. This systematic review aims to investigate the risk of type 2 diabetes and levels of HbA1c by assessing all Mendelian Randomization studies investigating this subject matter.Data synthesis: PubMed and EMBASE were searched from October 2021 through February 2023. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were formulated to filter out irrelevant studies. Studies were qualitatively assessed with STROBE-MR together with a list of five MR criteria. Six studies were identified, containing several thousand participants. All studies used the SNP rs4988235 as the main exposure and type 2 diabetes and/or HbA1c as the main outcome. Five studies were graded as “good” with STROBE-MR, with one graded as “fair”. For the six MR criteria, five studies were graded “good” in four criteria, while two studies were graded “good” in two criteria. Overall, genetically predicted milk consumption did not seem to be associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Conclusions: This systematic review found that genetically predicted milk consumption did not seem to increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. Future Mendelian randomization studies concerning this topic should consider conducting two-sample Mendelian Randomization studies, in order to derive a more valid effect estimate.
KW - Dairy
KW - Mendelian randomization
KW - Milk
KW - Nutrition
KW - Systematic review
KW - Type 2 diabetes
U2 - 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.04.013
DO - 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.04.013
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 37246077
AN - SCOPUS:85160413525
SN - 0939-4753
VL - 33
SP - 1316
EP - 1322
JO - Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases
JF - Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases
IS - 7
ER -