Mid-infrared, optically active black phosphorus thin films on centimeter scale

Naoki Higashitarumizu, Tetsuya Kawashima, Thomas Smart, Reed Yalisove, Chun Yuen Ho, Morten Madsen, Daryl C. Chrzan, Mary C. Scott, Raymond Jeanloz, Hitoshi Yusa, Ali Javey*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articleResearchpeer-review

Abstract

Black phosphorus (BP) is a narrow bandgap (∼0.3 eV) semiconductor with a great potential for optoelectronic devices in the mid-infrared wavelength. However, it has been challenging to achieve a high-quality scalable BP thin film. Here we present the successful synthesis of optically active BP films on a centimeter scale. We utilize the pulsed laser deposition of amorphous red phosphorus, another allotrope of phosphorus, followed by a high-pressure treatment at ∼8 GPa to induce a phase conversion into BP crystals. The crystalline quality was improved through thermal annealing, resulting in the observation of photoluminescence emission at mid-infrared wavelengths. We demonstrate high-pressure conversion on a centimeter scale with a continuous film with a thickness of ∼18 nm using a flat-belt-type high-pressure apparatus. This synthesis procedure presents a promising route to obtain optical-quality BP films, enabling the exploration of integrated optoelectronic device applications such as light-emitting devices and mid-infrared cameras on a chip scale.

Original languageEnglish
JournalNano Letters
Volume24
Issue number10
Pages (from-to)3104–3111
ISSN1530-6984
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 13. Mar 2024

Keywords

  • black phosphorus
  • high-pressure synthesis
  • large-scale
  • mid-infrared emission

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