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Abstract

Background: This study investigates clinical and biomarker differences between standard interval dosing (SID) and extended interval dosing (EID) of ocrelizumab therapy in multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: This is a prospective, double-arm, open-label, multi-center study in Denmark. Participants diagnosed with MS on ocrelizumab therapy >12 months were included (n = 184). Clinical, radiological, and blood-based biomarker outcomes were evaluated. MRI disease activity, relapses, worsening of neurostatus, and No Evidence of Disease Activity-3 (NEDA-3) were used as a combined endpoint. Results: Out of 184 participants, 107 participants received EID (58.2%), whereas 77 participants received SID (41.8%). The average extension was 9 weeks with a maximum of 78 weeks. When comparing EID to SID, we found higher levels of B-cells, lower serum concentrations of ocrelizumab, and similar levels of age-adjusted NFL and GFAP in the two groups. No difference in NEDA-3 between EID and SID was demonstrated (hazard ratio: 1.174, p = 0.69). Higher levels of NFL were identified in participants with disease activity. Body mass index correlated with levels of ocrelizumab and B-cells. Conclusion: Extending one treatment interval of ocrelizumab on average 9 weeks and up to 78 weeks did not result in clinical, radiological, or biomarker evidence of worsening compared with SID.

Original languageEnglish
JournalMultiple Sclerosis Journal
Volume30
Issue number7
Pages (from-to)847-856
ISSN1352-4585
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Jun 2024

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s), 2024.

Keywords

  • anti-CD20
  • biomarkers
  • extended dosing
  • Multiple sclerosis
  • NEDA-3
  • neuroimaging
  • ocrelizumab
  • personalized medicine
  • treatment interval
  • Prospective Studies
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/drug therapy
  • Multiple Sclerosis/drug therapy
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage
  • Female
  • Adult
  • Biomarkers/blood
  • Immunologic Factors/administration & dosage

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