Body mass index z-scores in the first 2 years of life were associated with adverse metabolic and anthropometric outcomes at 3 years of age

Mikala E Jakobsen*, Louise L Stentebjerg, Mette H Tanvig, Jan S Jørgensen, Per G Ovesen, Henrik T Christesen, Dorte M Jensen, Christina A Vinter

*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

AIM: We investigated associations between body mass index (BMI) z-scores for children aged 0-2 years and the BMI z-scores, body fat percentage and metabolic risk factors at 3 years of age.

METHODS: This was a secondary analysis of the Lifestyle in Pregnancy and Offspring randomised controlled trial, carried out at two university hospitals in Denmark. It comprised 149 mothers with BMI ≥30 kg/m 2 who did or did not receive a lifestyle intervention during pregnancy and a reference group of 97 mothers with normal-weight, with follow-up of their 3-year-old offspring. The children in these three groups were pooled for the data analyses, due to similar characteristics between groups. The BMI z-scores were calculated at 5 weeks, 5 months and 1, 2 and 3 years, using Danish reference groups. Their anthropometrics and metabolic outcomes were examined at 3 years of age.

RESULTS: BMI z-scores at 5 months to 2 years were associated with BMI z-scores and body fat percentage at 3 years of age and BMI z-scores were not associated with metabolic risk factors at 3 years.

CONCLUSION: BMI z-scores from 5 weeks of age were associated with adverse anthropometric outcomes but not with metabolic risk factors at 3 years of age.

Original languageEnglish
JournalActa Paediatrica
Volume113
Issue number5
Pages (from-to)1068-1075
ISSN0803-5253
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - May 2024

Keywords

  • anthropometrics
  • body mass index
  • childhood obesity
  • early prevention
  • metabolic risk factors
  • Body Mass Index
  • Anthropometry
  • Humans
  • Risk Factors
  • Child, Preschool
  • Mothers
  • Pregnancy
  • Obesity/complications
  • Female
  • Child

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