TY - JOUR
T1 - Body mass index, waist circumference, and urinary incontinence in midlife
T2 - A follow-up of mothers in the Danish National Birth Cohort
AU - Hjorth, Sarah
AU - Axelsen, Susanne M.
AU - Gommesen, Ditte
AU - Kjeldsen, Anne C.M.
AU - Taastrøm, Katja A.
AU - Nohr, Ellen A.
N1 - Funding Information:
We are most grateful to the many women who participated in The Danish National Birth Cohort, the 7‐year follow‐up and the Maternal Follow‐up. The Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC) was established with a significant grant from the Danish National Research Foundation. Additional support was obtained from the Danish Regional Committees, the Pharmacy Foundation, the Egmont Foundation, the March of Dimes Foundation Birth Defects Foundation, the Health Foundation, and other minor grants. The DNBC Biobank has been supported by the Novo Nordisk Foundation and the Lundbeck Foundation. Follow‐up of mothers and children have been supported by the Danish Medical Research Council (SSVF 0646, 271‐08‐0839/06‐066023, O602‐01042B, 0602‐02738B), the Lundbeckfonden (195/04, R100‐A9193), The Innovation Fund Denmark 0603‐00294B (09‐067124), the Nordea‐fonden (02‐2013‐2014), Aarhus Ideas (AU R9‐A959‐13‐S804), University of Copenhagen Strategic Grant (IFSV 2012), and the Danish Council for Independent Research (DFF–4183‐00594 and DFF–4183‐00152). None of the supporting sources had any involvement in the study design, collection, analysis, or interpretation of data, nor in the decision to publish.
PY - 2023/6
Y1 - 2023/6
N2 - Background: Obesity is a modifiable risk factor for urinary incontinence, yet few studies have investigated how waist circumference as compared to body mass index (BMI) influences the risk of urinary incontinence. Objective: To estimate how BMI and waist circumference associates with risk of urinary incontinence in midlife and determine which of the two is the strongest predictor of urinary incontinence. Methods: Cohort study among mothers in the Danish National Birth Cohort. Weight and waist circumference were self-reported 7 years after cohort entry. Symptoms of urinary incontinence in midlife were self-reported using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (ICIQ-FLUTS) and analyzed continuously and as presence or absence of any, stress (SUI), urgency (UUI), and mixed (MUI) urinary incontinence. Linear and log binomial regressions were used to calculate mean differences and risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Restricted cubic splines were generated to explore nonlinear relationships. Results: Among 27 254 women at a mean age of 44.2 years, any urinary incontinence was reported by 32.1%, SUI by 20.9%, UUI by 2.4%, and MUI by 8.6%. For all outcomes, increases in risk were similar with higher BMI and waist circumference. The estimates of association were strongest for MUI (RR 1.10, 95% CI 1.08;1.12 and RR 1.12, 95% CI 1.10;1.14 for half a standard deviation increase in BMI and waist circumference, respectively). While increases in risk of the other outcomes were seen across the entire range of BMI and waist circumference, the risk of SUI rose until BMI 28 kg/m2 (waist circumference 95 cm), and then fell slightly. Conclusions: Symptoms of urinary incontinence and prevalence of any urinary incontinence, SUI, UUI, and MUI increased with higher BMI and waist circumference. Self-reported BMI and waist circumference were equally predictive of urinary incontinence.
AB - Background: Obesity is a modifiable risk factor for urinary incontinence, yet few studies have investigated how waist circumference as compared to body mass index (BMI) influences the risk of urinary incontinence. Objective: To estimate how BMI and waist circumference associates with risk of urinary incontinence in midlife and determine which of the two is the strongest predictor of urinary incontinence. Methods: Cohort study among mothers in the Danish National Birth Cohort. Weight and waist circumference were self-reported 7 years after cohort entry. Symptoms of urinary incontinence in midlife were self-reported using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (ICIQ-FLUTS) and analyzed continuously and as presence or absence of any, stress (SUI), urgency (UUI), and mixed (MUI) urinary incontinence. Linear and log binomial regressions were used to calculate mean differences and risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Restricted cubic splines were generated to explore nonlinear relationships. Results: Among 27 254 women at a mean age of 44.2 years, any urinary incontinence was reported by 32.1%, SUI by 20.9%, UUI by 2.4%, and MUI by 8.6%. For all outcomes, increases in risk were similar with higher BMI and waist circumference. The estimates of association were strongest for MUI (RR 1.10, 95% CI 1.08;1.12 and RR 1.12, 95% CI 1.10;1.14 for half a standard deviation increase in BMI and waist circumference, respectively). While increases in risk of the other outcomes were seen across the entire range of BMI and waist circumference, the risk of SUI rose until BMI 28 kg/m2 (waist circumference 95 cm), and then fell slightly. Conclusions: Symptoms of urinary incontinence and prevalence of any urinary incontinence, SUI, UUI, and MUI increased with higher BMI and waist circumference. Self-reported BMI and waist circumference were equally predictive of urinary incontinence.
KW - body mass index
KW - Danish National Birth Cohort
KW - obesity
KW - urinary incontinence
KW - waist circumference
KW - women
U2 - 10.1002/nau.25175
DO - 10.1002/nau.25175
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 36942471
AN - SCOPUS:85150866822
SN - 0733-2467
VL - 42
SP - 1111
EP - 1121
JO - Neurourology and Urodynamics
JF - Neurourology and Urodynamics
IS - 5
ER -