Advancements in nanohybrid material-based acetone gas sensors relevant to diabetes diagnosis: a comprehensive review

Exhaled human breath contains around 3500 volatile organic molecules, which are a byproduct of metabolic process. The most important directions of modern diagnosis are the non-invasive methods through the exhaled human breath. The ability to detect diabetes by measuring the amount of acetone in exhaled breath may help diabetics to control their blood sugar levels. In this regard,scientists have developed a variety of sensors but one that could prove to be important in the near future for the detection of diabetes is a chemiresistor sensor based on nanohybrid materials. Nanohybrid materials-based acetone gas sensors may provide significant sensing properties such as high responsivity, fast response/recovery times, better selectivity, and excessive stability with repeatability, low operating temperatures, low-cost and easy to fabricate properties in the acetone sensor devices. The progress of the nanohybrid material-based acetone sensors is reported in this review article, which indicates that a high level of accuracy can be achieved in diabetic patient's diagnosis via acetone measurement with superior charge transfer ability.