A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults

Lea B S Hansen; Henrik M Roager; Nadja B Søndertoft; Rikke J Gøbel; Mette Kristensen; Mireia Vallès-Colomer; Sara Vieira-Silva; Sabine Ibrügger; Mads V Lind; Rasmus B Mærkedahl; Martin I Bahl; Mia L Madsen; Jesper Havelund; Gwen Falony; Inge Tetens; Trine Nielsen; Kristine H Allin; Henrik L Frandsen; Bolette Hartmann; Jens Juul Holst; Morten H Sparholt; Jesper Holck; Andreas Blennow; Janne Marie Moll; Anne S Meyer; Camilla Hoppe; Jørgen H Poulsen; Vera Carvalho; Domenico Sagnelli; Marlene D Dalgaard; Anders F Christensen; Magnus Christian Lydolph; Alastair B Ross; Silas Villas-Bôas; Susanne Brix; Thomas Sicheritz-Pontén; Karsten Buschard; Allan Linneberg; Jüri J Rumessen; Claus T Ekstrøm; Christian Ritz; Karsten Kristiansen; H Bjørn Nielsen; Henrik Vestergaard; Nils J Færgeman; Jeroen Raes; Hanne Frøkiær; Torben Hansen; Lotte Lauritzen; Ramneek Gupta; Tine Rask Licht; Oluf Pedersen

doi:10.1038/s41467-018-07019-x

A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults

Lea B S Hansen, Henrik M Roager, Nadja B Søndertoft, Rikke J Gøbel, Mette Kristensen, Mireia Vallès-Colomer, Sara Vieira-Silva, Sabine Ibrügger, Mads V Lind, Rasmus B Mærkedahl, Martin I Bahl, Mia L Madsen, Jesper Havelund, Gwen Falony, Inge Tetens, Trine Nielsen, Kristine H Allin, Henrik L Frandsen, Bolette Hartmann, Jens Juul HolstMorten H Sparholt, Jesper Holck, Andreas Blennow, Janne Marie Moll, Anne S Meyer, Camilla Hoppe, Jørgen H Poulsen, Vera Carvalho, Domenico Sagnelli, Marlene D Dalgaard, Anders F Christensen, Magnus Christian Lydolph, Alastair B Ross, Silas Villas-Bôas, Susanne Brix, Thomas Sicheritz-Pontén, Karsten Buschard, Allan Linneberg, Jüri J Rumessen, Claus T Ekstrøm, Christian Ritz, Karsten Kristiansen, H Bjørn Nielsen, Henrik Vestergaard, Nils J Færgeman, Jeroen Raes, Hanne Frøkiær, Torben Hansen, Lotte Lauritzen, Ramneek Gupta, Tine Rask Licht, Oluf Pedersen

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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Abstract

Adherence to a low-gluten diet has become increasingly common in parts of the general population. However, the effects of reducing gluten-rich food items including wheat, barley and rye cereals in healthy adults are unclear. Here, we undertook a randomised, controlled, cross-over trial involving 60 middle-aged Danish adults without known disorders with two 8-week interventions comparing a low-gluten diet (2 g gluten per day) and a high-gluten diet (18 g gluten per day), separated by a washout period of at least six weeks with habitual diet (12 g gluten per day). We find that, in comparison with a high-gluten diet, a low-gluten diet induces moderate changes in the intestinal microbiome, reduces fasting and postprandial hydrogen exhalation, and leads to improvements in self-reported bloating. These observations suggest that most of the effects of a low-gluten diet in non-coeliac adults may be driven by qualitative changes in dietary fibres.

Original language	English
Article number	4630
Journal	Nature Communications
Volume	9
Number of pages	13
ISSN	2041-1723
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07019-x
Publication status	Published - 13. Nov 2018

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A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adultsFinal published version, 1.28 MBLicence: CC BY

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Hansen, L. B. S., Roager, H. M., Søndertoft, N. B., Gøbel, R. J., Kristensen, M., Vallès-Colomer, M., Vieira-Silva, S., Ibrügger, S., Lind, M. V., Mærkedahl, R. B., Bahl, M. I., Madsen, M. L., Havelund, J., Falony, G., Tetens, I., Nielsen, T., Allin, K. H., Frandsen, H. L., Hartmann, B., ... Pedersen, O. (2018). A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults. Nature Communications, 9, Article 4630. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07019-x

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title = "A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults",

abstract = "Adherence to a low-gluten diet has become increasingly common in parts of the general population. However, the effects of reducing gluten-rich food items including wheat, barley and rye cereals in healthy adults are unclear. Here, we undertook a randomised, controlled, cross-over trial involving 60 middle-aged Danish adults without known disorders with two 8-week interventions comparing a low-gluten diet (2 g gluten per day) and a high-gluten diet (18 g gluten per day), separated by a washout period of at least six weeks with habitual diet (12 g gluten per day). We find that, in comparison with a high-gluten diet, a low-gluten diet induces moderate changes in the intestinal microbiome, reduces fasting and postprandial hydrogen exhalation, and leads to improvements in self-reported bloating. These observations suggest that most of the effects of a low-gluten diet in non-coeliac adults may be driven by qualitative changes in dietary fibres.",

author = "Hansen, {Lea B S} and Roager, {Henrik M} and S{\o}ndertoft, {Nadja B} and G{\o}bel, {Rikke J} and Mette Kristensen and Mireia Vall{\`e}s-Colomer and Sara Vieira-Silva and Sabine Ibr{\"u}gger and Lind, {Mads V} and M{\ae}rkedahl, {Rasmus B} and Bahl, {Martin I} and Madsen, {Mia L} and Jesper Havelund and Gwen Falony and Inge Tetens and Trine Nielsen and Allin, {Kristine H} and Frandsen, {Henrik L} and Bolette Hartmann and Holst, {Jens Juul} and Sparholt, {Morten H} and Jesper Holck and Andreas Blennow and Moll, {Janne Marie} and Meyer, {Anne S} and Camilla Hoppe and Poulsen, {J{\o}rgen H} and Vera Carvalho and Domenico Sagnelli and Dalgaard, {Marlene D} and Christensen, {Anders F} and Lydolph, {Magnus Christian} and Ross, {Alastair B} and Silas Villas-B{\^o}as and Susanne Brix and Thomas Sicheritz-Pont{\'e}n and Karsten Buschard and Allan Linneberg and Rumessen, {J{\"u}ri J} and Ekstr{\o}m, {Claus T} and Christian Ritz and Karsten Kristiansen and Nielsen, {H Bj{\o}rn} and Henrik Vestergaard and F{\ae}rgeman, {Nils J} and Jeroen Raes and Hanne Fr{\o}ki{\ae}r and Torben Hansen and Lotte Lauritzen and Ramneek Gupta and Licht, {Tine Rask} and Oluf Pedersen",

year = "2018",

month = nov,

day = "13",

doi = "10.1038/s41467-018-07019-x",

language = "English",

volume = "9",

journal = "Nature Communications",

issn = "2041-1723",

publisher = "Nature Research",

}

Hansen, LBS, Roager, HM, Søndertoft, NB, Gøbel, RJ, Kristensen, M, Vallès-Colomer, M, Vieira-Silva, S, Ibrügger, S, Lind, MV, Mærkedahl, RB, Bahl, MI, Madsen, ML, Havelund, J, Falony, G, Tetens, I, Nielsen, T, Allin, KH, Frandsen, HL, Hartmann, B, Holst, JJ, Sparholt, MH, Holck, J, Blennow, A, Moll, JM, Meyer, AS, Hoppe, C, Poulsen, JH, Carvalho, V, Sagnelli, D, Dalgaard, MD, Christensen, AF, Lydolph, MC, Ross, AB, Villas-Bôas, S, Brix, S, Sicheritz-Pontén, T, Buschard, K, Linneberg, A, Rumessen, JJ, Ekstrøm, CT, Ritz, C, Kristiansen, K, Nielsen, HB, Vestergaard, H, Færgeman, NJ, Raes, J, Frøkiær, H, Hansen, T, Lauritzen, L, Gupta, R, Licht, TR & Pedersen, O 2018, 'A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults', Nature Communications, vol. 9, 4630. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07019-x

TY - JOUR

T1 - A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults

AU - Hansen, Lea B S

AU - Roager, Henrik M

AU - Søndertoft, Nadja B

AU - Gøbel, Rikke J

AU - Kristensen, Mette

AU - Vallès-Colomer, Mireia

AU - Vieira-Silva, Sara

AU - Ibrügger, Sabine

AU - Lind, Mads V

AU - Mærkedahl, Rasmus B

AU - Bahl, Martin I

AU - Madsen, Mia L

AU - Havelund, Jesper

AU - Falony, Gwen

AU - Tetens, Inge

AU - Nielsen, Trine

AU - Allin, Kristine H

AU - Frandsen, Henrik L

AU - Hartmann, Bolette

AU - Holst, Jens Juul

AU - Sparholt, Morten H

AU - Holck, Jesper

AU - Blennow, Andreas

AU - Moll, Janne Marie

AU - Meyer, Anne S

AU - Hoppe, Camilla

AU - Poulsen, Jørgen H

AU - Carvalho, Vera

AU - Sagnelli, Domenico

AU - Dalgaard, Marlene D

AU - Christensen, Anders F

AU - Lydolph, Magnus Christian

AU - Ross, Alastair B

AU - Villas-Bôas, Silas

AU - Brix, Susanne

AU - Sicheritz-Pontén, Thomas

AU - Buschard, Karsten

AU - Linneberg, Allan

AU - Rumessen, Jüri J

AU - Ekstrøm, Claus T

AU - Ritz, Christian

AU - Kristiansen, Karsten

AU - Nielsen, H Bjørn

AU - Vestergaard, Henrik

AU - Færgeman, Nils J

AU - Raes, Jeroen

AU - Frøkiær, Hanne

AU - Hansen, Torben

AU - Lauritzen, Lotte

AU - Gupta, Ramneek

AU - Licht, Tine Rask

AU - Pedersen, Oluf

PY - 2018/11/13

Y1 - 2018/11/13

N2 - Adherence to a low-gluten diet has become increasingly common in parts of the general population. However, the effects of reducing gluten-rich food items including wheat, barley and rye cereals in healthy adults are unclear. Here, we undertook a randomised, controlled, cross-over trial involving 60 middle-aged Danish adults without known disorders with two 8-week interventions comparing a low-gluten diet (2 g gluten per day) and a high-gluten diet (18 g gluten per day), separated by a washout period of at least six weeks with habitual diet (12 g gluten per day). We find that, in comparison with a high-gluten diet, a low-gluten diet induces moderate changes in the intestinal microbiome, reduces fasting and postprandial hydrogen exhalation, and leads to improvements in self-reported bloating. These observations suggest that most of the effects of a low-gluten diet in non-coeliac adults may be driven by qualitative changes in dietary fibres.

AB - Adherence to a low-gluten diet has become increasingly common in parts of the general population. However, the effects of reducing gluten-rich food items including wheat, barley and rye cereals in healthy adults are unclear. Here, we undertook a randomised, controlled, cross-over trial involving 60 middle-aged Danish adults without known disorders with two 8-week interventions comparing a low-gluten diet (2 g gluten per day) and a high-gluten diet (18 g gluten per day), separated by a washout period of at least six weeks with habitual diet (12 g gluten per day). We find that, in comparison with a high-gluten diet, a low-gluten diet induces moderate changes in the intestinal microbiome, reduces fasting and postprandial hydrogen exhalation, and leads to improvements in self-reported bloating. These observations suggest that most of the effects of a low-gluten diet in non-coeliac adults may be driven by qualitative changes in dietary fibres.

U2 - 10.1038/s41467-018-07019-x

DO - 10.1038/s41467-018-07019-x

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 30425247

SN - 2041-1723

VL - 9

JO - Nature Communications

JF - Nature Communications

M1 - 4630

ER -

A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults

Abstract

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