TY - JOUR
T1 - The value and limitations of rechallenge in the guinea pig maximization test
AU - Frankild, S
AU - Basketter, D A
AU - Andersen, Klaus Ejner
PY - 1996/9/1
Y1 - 1996/9/1
N2 - The guinea pig maximization test (GPMT) has played a primary rôle in the evaluation of potential skin contact sensitizers for 25 years. In the OECD Guideline 406 from 1993, it is specifically suggested that equivocal results from the initial challenge in the GPMT should be evaluated further with a repeated challenge. However, there exist few published rechallenge data and the guideline does not describe how rechallenge data should be interpreted. In this paper, we have used examples from published results to illustrate both the positive value and the limitations of repeated challenges, including cross challenge. Testing with modified concentrations may also help to indicate whether or not the response is allergic in nature, particularly where there has been a low level of skin reaction observed in shamtreated controls, or where a low level of skin reaction is the dominant response in the test animals. In conclusion, the data presented demonstrate that, as a tool for the investigation of skin sensitizing potential, the GPMT can benefit from an experienced scientific evaluation of rechallenge data, but that this information should not be treated in a mechanistic fashion.
AB - The guinea pig maximization test (GPMT) has played a primary rôle in the evaluation of potential skin contact sensitizers for 25 years. In the OECD Guideline 406 from 1993, it is specifically suggested that equivocal results from the initial challenge in the GPMT should be evaluated further with a repeated challenge. However, there exist few published rechallenge data and the guideline does not describe how rechallenge data should be interpreted. In this paper, we have used examples from published results to illustrate both the positive value and the limitations of repeated challenges, including cross challenge. Testing with modified concentrations may also help to indicate whether or not the response is allergic in nature, particularly where there has been a low level of skin reaction observed in shamtreated controls, or where a low level of skin reaction is the dominant response in the test animals. In conclusion, the data presented demonstrate that, as a tool for the investigation of skin sensitizing potential, the GPMT can benefit from an experienced scientific evaluation of rechallenge data, but that this information should not be treated in a mechanistic fashion.
KW - Allergens
KW - Animals
KW - Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
KW - Cross Reactions
KW - Dermatitis, Allergic Contact
KW - Disease Models, Animal
KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
KW - False Positive Reactions
KW - Guidelines as Topic
KW - Guinea Pigs
KW - Irritants
KW - Reproducibility of Results
KW - Skin Tests
KW - Vehicles
U2 - 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1996.tb02330.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1996.tb02330.x
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 8930472
SN - 0105-1873
VL - 35
SP - 135
EP - 140
JO - Contact Dermatitis
JF - Contact Dermatitis
IS - 3
ER -