TY - JOUR
T1 - The impact of an oral glucose load on IFN-γ-release in persons infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis
AU - Lorentsson, Hans Johan Niklas
AU - Clausen, Christina Reinholdt
AU - Faurholt-Jepsen, Daniel
AU - Hansen, Katrine Bagge
AU - Ritz, Christian
AU - Jensen, Sidse Graff
AU - Rasmussen, Erik Michael
AU - Jørgensen, Anja
AU - Lillebaek, Troels
AU - Knop, Filip
AU - Ravn, Pernille
N1 - © 2024. The Author(s).
PY - 2024/9/30
Y1 - 2024/9/30
N2 - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To diagnose tuberculosis infection (TBI), whole blood is incubated with M.tuberculosis (Mtb)-specific peptides and the release of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) is measured in IFN-γ-release assays (IGRAs). Hyperglycaemia and fluctuations in blood glucose may modulate IFN-γ-release. Here, we investigated if glucose intake affects IFN-γ-release or IGRA results in IGRAs taken during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).METHODS: Persons with TB disease (TB) or TBI underwent a standard 75-g OGTT at the start and end of treatment for TB or TBI. Blood for the IGRA QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT) containing Mtb-specific tubes (TB1 and TB2), a non-specific mitogen tube (MIT) and an empty control tube (NIL) was drawn at sample-timepoints -15 (baseline), 60, 90, 120 and 240 min during the OGTT. Blood glucose was measured in parallel at all timepoints. IFN-γ-release (after subtraction of NIL) at each timepoint was compared with baseline using linear-mixed-model analysis.RESULTS: Twenty-four OGTTs from 14 participants were included in the final analysis. Compared to baseline, IFN-γ-release was increased at sample-timepoint 240 min for TB1; geometric mean (95% confidence interval) 3.0 (1.5-6.2) vs 2.5 (1.4-4.4) IU/mL (p = 0.047), and MIT; 182.6 (103.3-322.9) vs 146.0 (84.0-254.1) IU/mL (p = 0.002). Plasma glucose levels were not associated with IFN-γ-release and the QFT test results were unaffected by the OGTT.CONCLUSION: Ingestion of glucose after a 10-h fast was associated with increased IFN-γ-release after 240 min in the MIT tube. However, there was no association between plasma glucose levels at the QFT sampling timepoint and IFN-γ-release. Furthermore, the QFT test results were not affected by glucose intake. The overall effect of an OGTT and prevailing plasma glucose levels on IFN-γ-release in IGRAs seem limited.TRIAL REGISTRATION: Trial registration ID: NCT04830462 ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04830462 ). Registration date: 05-Apr-2021.
AB - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To diagnose tuberculosis infection (TBI), whole blood is incubated with M.tuberculosis (Mtb)-specific peptides and the release of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) is measured in IFN-γ-release assays (IGRAs). Hyperglycaemia and fluctuations in blood glucose may modulate IFN-γ-release. Here, we investigated if glucose intake affects IFN-γ-release or IGRA results in IGRAs taken during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).METHODS: Persons with TB disease (TB) or TBI underwent a standard 75-g OGTT at the start and end of treatment for TB or TBI. Blood for the IGRA QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT) containing Mtb-specific tubes (TB1 and TB2), a non-specific mitogen tube (MIT) and an empty control tube (NIL) was drawn at sample-timepoints -15 (baseline), 60, 90, 120 and 240 min during the OGTT. Blood glucose was measured in parallel at all timepoints. IFN-γ-release (after subtraction of NIL) at each timepoint was compared with baseline using linear-mixed-model analysis.RESULTS: Twenty-four OGTTs from 14 participants were included in the final analysis. Compared to baseline, IFN-γ-release was increased at sample-timepoint 240 min for TB1; geometric mean (95% confidence interval) 3.0 (1.5-6.2) vs 2.5 (1.4-4.4) IU/mL (p = 0.047), and MIT; 182.6 (103.3-322.9) vs 146.0 (84.0-254.1) IU/mL (p = 0.002). Plasma glucose levels were not associated with IFN-γ-release and the QFT test results were unaffected by the OGTT.CONCLUSION: Ingestion of glucose after a 10-h fast was associated with increased IFN-γ-release after 240 min in the MIT tube. However, there was no association between plasma glucose levels at the QFT sampling timepoint and IFN-γ-release. Furthermore, the QFT test results were not affected by glucose intake. The overall effect of an OGTT and prevailing plasma glucose levels on IFN-γ-release in IGRAs seem limited.TRIAL REGISTRATION: Trial registration ID: NCT04830462 ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04830462 ). Registration date: 05-Apr-2021.
KW - Adult
KW - Aged
KW - Female
KW - Humans
KW - Male
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Blood Glucose/analysis
KW - Glucose/administration & dosage
KW - Glucose Tolerance Test
KW - Interferon-gamma/blood
KW - Interferon-gamma Release Tests/methods
KW - Mycobacterium tuberculosis/immunology
KW - Tuberculosis/blood
U2 - 10.1186/s12879-024-09920-x
DO - 10.1186/s12879-024-09920-x
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 39350021
SN - 1471-2334
VL - 24
JO - BMC Infectious Diseases
JF - BMC Infectious Diseases
IS - 1
M1 - 1079
ER -