TY - GEN
T1 - Prevention of hospital contacts among older people
T2 - A multi-methods cross-sectorial project
AU - Udesen, Stine Emilie Junker
PY - 2025/5/13
Y1 - 2025/5/13
N2 - The ageing population has already led to increased pressure on healthcare and long-term care systems. New healthcare services in the community setting are important to address these challenges but also to ensure the quality and longevity of these systems. Newly implemented services often focus on preventing hospital admissions among older people and people with chronic diseases, which is important because they often experience a lack of consistency in care. In 2018, Denmark introduced the statutory framework ‘municipal acute nursing care’, which consists of acute care teams that provide acute nursing in people’s places of residence or acute care beds. The purpose of this framework is to improve care for older people with complex health needs through early diagnosis and timely treatment in the community setting, which can prevent hospital contacts. This thesis focuses on Odense Municipality’s acute care team, Acute Team Odense (ATO), and another newly implemented service introduced by the emergency department (ED) at Odense University Hospital, called the mobile ED care service to nursing homes. The mobile ED care service was established in November 2019with the aim of promoting better acute care for nursing home residents; it is staffed by an ED physician who collaborates closely with ATO. The purpose of this thesis was to evaluate these two services through a multi-method approach. In the first paper, we explored healthcare professionals’ experiences with ATO ina qualitative study. We found that paraclinical equipment, accessibility, response time and direct communication were important for general practitioners’ (GPs) use of ATO, in particular. Municipal staff found ATO to be useful in acute or complex situations. The hospital initiated ATO for hospital-at-home services, and close collaboration was found to be important for the credibility of ATO services. In the second paper, we described the characteristics of patients treated by ATO and explored patients’ and relatives’ experiences with at-home treatment in a mixed-methods study. The median treatment length was one day,and patients were most often referred by GPs (42.4%) and municipal staff (26.0%). Hospitalat-home services, such as intravenous treatment, were most often initiated by the hospital and corresponded to 3.6 hospital beds saved per day. Overall, patients and relatives were satisfied with at-home treatment and would prefer ATO treatment in future situations. They also found that at-home treatment made it possible to maintain their daily routines, whichwas described as a relief for both patients and relatives. In the third paper, we assessed theimpact of ATO by interrupted time series analysis in a population-based quantitative study. The implementation of ATO led to significant monthly reductions in acute hospital contacts caused by specific infection diagnoses, hypernatremia, delirium or confusion among the total study population. Significant monthly reductions were also found in acute ambulancetransports for the total study population, for people aged 80 years or above and for nursinghome residents. In the fourth paper, we explored healthcare professionals’ experiences with the mobile ED care to nursing homes in a qualitative study. The service was found to promotedignity to nursing home residents, as they could remain in a familiar environment and surrounded by well-known staff. In the fifth paper, we described the characteristics of nursing home residents treated by the mobile ED care service and their hospital admission patterns and mortality in a quantitative study; we found that seven out of eight residents remained at the nursing home, that the 90-day mortality was 36.4% and that 19.4% of residents had an unplanned hospital contact within 30 days after being treated by the mobile ED care service to nursing homes. Our findings contribute to a more complete understanding of these two services, and this knowledge can be used to ensure the quality of the services. The findings also exemplify that the implementation of new acute services targeting the older population may lead to bettercare from the perspectives of patients, relatives and healthcare professionals, as well as froma public health perspective.
AB - The ageing population has already led to increased pressure on healthcare and long-term care systems. New healthcare services in the community setting are important to address these challenges but also to ensure the quality and longevity of these systems. Newly implemented services often focus on preventing hospital admissions among older people and people with chronic diseases, which is important because they often experience a lack of consistency in care. In 2018, Denmark introduced the statutory framework ‘municipal acute nursing care’, which consists of acute care teams that provide acute nursing in people’s places of residence or acute care beds. The purpose of this framework is to improve care for older people with complex health needs through early diagnosis and timely treatment in the community setting, which can prevent hospital contacts. This thesis focuses on Odense Municipality’s acute care team, Acute Team Odense (ATO), and another newly implemented service introduced by the emergency department (ED) at Odense University Hospital, called the mobile ED care service to nursing homes. The mobile ED care service was established in November 2019with the aim of promoting better acute care for nursing home residents; it is staffed by an ED physician who collaborates closely with ATO. The purpose of this thesis was to evaluate these two services through a multi-method approach. In the first paper, we explored healthcare professionals’ experiences with ATO ina qualitative study. We found that paraclinical equipment, accessibility, response time and direct communication were important for general practitioners’ (GPs) use of ATO, in particular. Municipal staff found ATO to be useful in acute or complex situations. The hospital initiated ATO for hospital-at-home services, and close collaboration was found to be important for the credibility of ATO services. In the second paper, we described the characteristics of patients treated by ATO and explored patients’ and relatives’ experiences with at-home treatment in a mixed-methods study. The median treatment length was one day,and patients were most often referred by GPs (42.4%) and municipal staff (26.0%). Hospitalat-home services, such as intravenous treatment, were most often initiated by the hospital and corresponded to 3.6 hospital beds saved per day. Overall, patients and relatives were satisfied with at-home treatment and would prefer ATO treatment in future situations. They also found that at-home treatment made it possible to maintain their daily routines, whichwas described as a relief for both patients and relatives. In the third paper, we assessed theimpact of ATO by interrupted time series analysis in a population-based quantitative study. The implementation of ATO led to significant monthly reductions in acute hospital contacts caused by specific infection diagnoses, hypernatremia, delirium or confusion among the total study population. Significant monthly reductions were also found in acute ambulancetransports for the total study population, for people aged 80 years or above and for nursinghome residents. In the fourth paper, we explored healthcare professionals’ experiences with the mobile ED care to nursing homes in a qualitative study. The service was found to promotedignity to nursing home residents, as they could remain in a familiar environment and surrounded by well-known staff. In the fifth paper, we described the characteristics of nursing home residents treated by the mobile ED care service and their hospital admission patterns and mortality in a quantitative study; we found that seven out of eight residents remained at the nursing home, that the 90-day mortality was 36.4% and that 19.4% of residents had an unplanned hospital contact within 30 days after being treated by the mobile ED care service to nursing homes. Our findings contribute to a more complete understanding of these two services, and this knowledge can be used to ensure the quality of the services. The findings also exemplify that the implementation of new acute services targeting the older population may lead to bettercare from the perspectives of patients, relatives and healthcare professionals, as well as froma public health perspective.
U2 - 10.21996/a3ab607d-b9e9-405f-a04c-cec4d3745fb7
DO - 10.21996/a3ab607d-b9e9-405f-a04c-cec4d3745fb7
M3 - Ph.D. thesis
PB - Syddansk Universitet. Det Sundhedsvidenskabelige Fakultet
ER -