Postacute symptoms 4 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection during the Omicron period: a nationwide Danish questionnaire study

Lampros Spiliopoulos*, Anna Irene Vedel Sørensen, Peter Bager, Nete Munk Nielsen, Jørgen Vinsløv Hansen, Anders Koch, Inger Kristine Meder, Poul Videbech, Steen Ethelberg, Anders Hviid

*Kontaktforfatter

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskriftTidsskriftartikelForskningpeer review

Abstract

Postacute symptoms are not uncommon after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection with pre-Omicron variants. How the Omicron variant and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) booster vaccination influence the risk of postacute symptoms is less clear. We analyzed data from a nationwide Danish questionnaire study, EFTER-COVID, comprising 36 109 individuals aged ≥15 years who were tested between July 2021 and January 2022, to evaluate the associations of the Omicron variant and COVID-19 booster vaccination with postacute symptoms and new-onset general health problems 4 months after infection with SARS-CoV-2. Risk differences (RDs) were estimated by comparing Omicron cases with controls, comparing Omicron cases with Delta cases, and comparing Omicron cases vaccinated with 3 doses with those vaccinated with 2 doses, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, self-reported chronic diseases, Charlson comorbidity index, health-care occupation, and vaccination status. Four months after testing for SARS-CoV-2 during the Omicron period, cases experienced substantial postacute symptoms and new-onset health problems in comparison with controls; the largest RD was observed for memory issues (RD = 7.4%; 95% CI, 6.4-8.3). However, risks were generally lower than those in the Delta period, particularly for dysosmia (RD = -15.0%; 95% CI, -17.0 to -13.2) and dysgeusia (RD = -11.2%; 95% CI, -13.2 to -9.5). Booster vaccination was associated with fewer postacute symptoms and new-onset health problems 4 months after Omicron infection as compared with 2 doses of COVID-19 vaccine.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
TidsskriftAmerican Journal of Epidemiology
Vol/bind193
Udgave nummer8
Sider (fra-til)1106-1114
ISSN0002-9262
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 5. aug. 2024

Bibliografisk note

© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

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