TY - GEN
T1 - Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) integrated in the follow-up of patients diagnosed with haematological cancers
T2 - A qualitative study of patients’ and health care professionals’ experiences
AU - Thestrup Hansen, Stine
N1 - This PhD thesis is based on the following papers:
Paper I: “I Am Sure That They Use My PROM Data for Something Important.” A
Qualitative Study About Patients’ Experiences From a Hematologic Outpatient
Clinic. Published Ahead of Print, Cancer Nursing, 29 July 2019
Paper II: Nurses’ Experiences When Introducing Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) in an Outpatient Clinic: An Interpretive Description Study. Accepted for publication, Cancer Nursing, 03 January 2020
Paper III: Haematologists’ Experiences Implementing Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) in an Outpatient Clinic: A qualitative study for applied practice. Published, Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes, 31 December 2019
Paper IV: The experiences of patients, nurses and haematologists when Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) are implemented in a haematological outpatient clinic: A qualitative study. Draft for Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes
PY - 2020/1
Y1 - 2020/1
N2 - Patient organizations, governments, and researchers suggest implementing Patient Reported Outcome
Measures (PROMs) in routine clinical practice to strengthen patient-professional relations, increase
patient involvement, individualize patient care, and to support health care professionals in clinical
decision-making. In haematology, including the patient’s voice through use of PROMs is a potentially
suitable approach to improve the quality of care for patients diagnosed with haematological diseases,
which represent a heterogeneous patient population. PROMs can be a tool to acquire an understanding
of the patient’s degree of impairment, both physical and psycho-social, during haematological
disease, including during treatment and over the long-term. Assessment of such functions can help
identify a patient’s condition, allowing nurses and haematologists to alleviate the symptom burden
caused by disease and/or treatment.
The international haematology community has not yet introduced specific standards or guidelines for
application of PROMs, as experiences with haematology-specific PROMs are scant. Knowledge is
limited on how PROMs are experienced by users, patients and clinicians in haematological clinical
practice. With that background, the PhD study described in the current thesis was initiated to address
some of these issues.
The overall aim of this study was to investigate how a short-form PROM in the electronic medical
record system was experienced by users in a haematological outpatient clinic. The aim was divided
into four studies: 1) To investigate how patients diagnosed with hematological cancer experienced
participating in a randomized PROM intervention study, 2) To investigate nurses’ experiences when
PROMs were implemented in clinical practice; 3) To investigate haematologists’ experiences when
implementing PROMs in clinical practice; 4) To develop an understanding of the barriers and
opportunities PROMs may present in clinical haematological practice, based on studies 1-3.
A qualitative framework guided the study, using Interpretive Description with a focused ethnographic
approach, to explore experiences with PROMs in a haematological outpatient clinic. Data consisted
of fieldwork and interviews, including 16 patients, 9 nurses and 13 haematologists. Analysis was
inspired by Habermas’ social theory of communicative action, using systematic text condensation.
For the fourth study, a combined data and method triangulation was applied to synthesize data.
In study 1, patients experienced that PROMs were rarely elaborated on by nurses and haematologists
during their visits; however, patients were convinced that the data was either used for something useful or in support of research. Despite lack of feedback, patients continued to complete PROMs
also because they felt indebted to the institution for their treatment.
In study 2, the nurses’ practical experiences with PROMs were very limited. Nurses prioritized duties
required by the system, resulting in a limited capacity to use and explore PROMs, as they were not
actionable for nurses within thisspecific setting. Nurses also expressed that PROMs have the potential
to support clinical practice by identifying previously unknown information about patients’ conditions
and thereby identifying additional needs for supportive care.
Study 3 showed that for the haematologists, the introduction of PROMs did not lead to integration of
or elaboration on PROMs in the patient-doctor relationship, rendering both the potential of PROMs
and the instruments applied uncertain. The haematologists’ attitudes towards PROMs were
antagonistic and dichotomous, either supportive of or resistant to their use. Within the short-form
PROMS made available within the electronic medical record system, haematologists valued patient
experiences and satisfaction as the most important outcomes. The remaining information was seen as
mostly irrelevant to haematologists, who did not have the time or ability to address additional
symptoms.
Study 4 examined all three different user group perspectives together and identified an unquestioned
acknowledgement of the biomedical agenda set by the system, limiting the application of PROMs.
Users had different preferences related to choice of PROMs and different objectives for the use of
PROMs in clinical practice.
The overall conclusion of this study is therefore that simply introducing PROMs as available data in
a haematological outpatient clinic did not result in utilization of the PROMs due to multiple reasons,
and therefore the PROMs constituted pseudo-data and another layer of bureaucracy.
Implementing PROMs in clinical practice is a complex process that requires involvement of users as
well as an implementation strategy.
AB - Patient organizations, governments, and researchers suggest implementing Patient Reported Outcome
Measures (PROMs) in routine clinical practice to strengthen patient-professional relations, increase
patient involvement, individualize patient care, and to support health care professionals in clinical
decision-making. In haematology, including the patient’s voice through use of PROMs is a potentially
suitable approach to improve the quality of care for patients diagnosed with haematological diseases,
which represent a heterogeneous patient population. PROMs can be a tool to acquire an understanding
of the patient’s degree of impairment, both physical and psycho-social, during haematological
disease, including during treatment and over the long-term. Assessment of such functions can help
identify a patient’s condition, allowing nurses and haematologists to alleviate the symptom burden
caused by disease and/or treatment.
The international haematology community has not yet introduced specific standards or guidelines for
application of PROMs, as experiences with haematology-specific PROMs are scant. Knowledge is
limited on how PROMs are experienced by users, patients and clinicians in haematological clinical
practice. With that background, the PhD study described in the current thesis was initiated to address
some of these issues.
The overall aim of this study was to investigate how a short-form PROM in the electronic medical
record system was experienced by users in a haematological outpatient clinic. The aim was divided
into four studies: 1) To investigate how patients diagnosed with hematological cancer experienced
participating in a randomized PROM intervention study, 2) To investigate nurses’ experiences when
PROMs were implemented in clinical practice; 3) To investigate haematologists’ experiences when
implementing PROMs in clinical practice; 4) To develop an understanding of the barriers and
opportunities PROMs may present in clinical haematological practice, based on studies 1-3.
A qualitative framework guided the study, using Interpretive Description with a focused ethnographic
approach, to explore experiences with PROMs in a haematological outpatient clinic. Data consisted
of fieldwork and interviews, including 16 patients, 9 nurses and 13 haematologists. Analysis was
inspired by Habermas’ social theory of communicative action, using systematic text condensation.
For the fourth study, a combined data and method triangulation was applied to synthesize data.
In study 1, patients experienced that PROMs were rarely elaborated on by nurses and haematologists
during their visits; however, patients were convinced that the data was either used for something useful or in support of research. Despite lack of feedback, patients continued to complete PROMs
also because they felt indebted to the institution for their treatment.
In study 2, the nurses’ practical experiences with PROMs were very limited. Nurses prioritized duties
required by the system, resulting in a limited capacity to use and explore PROMs, as they were not
actionable for nurses within thisspecific setting. Nurses also expressed that PROMs have the potential
to support clinical practice by identifying previously unknown information about patients’ conditions
and thereby identifying additional needs for supportive care.
Study 3 showed that for the haematologists, the introduction of PROMs did not lead to integration of
or elaboration on PROMs in the patient-doctor relationship, rendering both the potential of PROMs
and the instruments applied uncertain. The haematologists’ attitudes towards PROMs were
antagonistic and dichotomous, either supportive of or resistant to their use. Within the short-form
PROMS made available within the electronic medical record system, haematologists valued patient
experiences and satisfaction as the most important outcomes. The remaining information was seen as
mostly irrelevant to haematologists, who did not have the time or ability to address additional
symptoms.
Study 4 examined all three different user group perspectives together and identified an unquestioned
acknowledgement of the biomedical agenda set by the system, limiting the application of PROMs.
Users had different preferences related to choice of PROMs and different objectives for the use of
PROMs in clinical practice.
The overall conclusion of this study is therefore that simply introducing PROMs as available data in
a haematological outpatient clinic did not result in utilization of the PROMs due to multiple reasons,
and therefore the PROMs constituted pseudo-data and another layer of bureaucracy.
Implementing PROMs in clinical practice is a complex process that requires involvement of users as
well as an implementation strategy.
U2 - 10.21996/3ed4-9w37
DO - 10.21996/3ed4-9w37
M3 - Ph.D. thesis
SN - 978-87-93669-91-8
PB - Syddansk Universitet. Det Sundhedsvidenskabelige Fakultet
ER -