Interaction Potential between Clarithromycin and Individual Statins - a Systematic Review

Mette Marie Christensen*, Maija Bruun Haastrup, Thomas Øhlenschlæger, Peter Esbech, Sidsel Arnspang Pedersen, Ann-Cathrine Dunvald, Tore Bjerregaard Stage, Daniel Pilsgaard Henriksen, Andreas James Thestrup Pedersen

*Kontaktforfatter

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskriftTidsskriftartikelForskningpeer review

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Abstract

The high prevalence of statin and clarithromycin utilization creates potential for overlapping use. The objectives of this MiniReview were to investigate the evidence base for drug-drug interactions between clarithromycin and currently marketed statins and to present management strategies for these drug combinations. We conducted a systematic literature review following PRISMA guidelines with English language studies retrieved from PubMed and EMBASE (from inception through March 2019). We included 29 articles (16 case reports, 5 observational, 5 clinical pharmacokinetic and 3 in vitro studies). Based on mechanistic/clinical studies involving clarithromycin or the related macrolide erythromycin (both strong inhibitors of CYP3A4 and of hepatic statin uptake transporters OATP1B1 and OATP1B3), clarithromycin is expected to substantially increase systemic exposure to simvastatin and lovastatin (>5-fold increase in area under the plasma concentration time curve (AUC)), moderately increase AUCs of atorvastatin and pitavastatin (2-4-fold AUC increase) and slightly increase pravastatin exposure (≈ 2-fold AUC increase) while having little effect on fluvastatin or rosuvastatin. The 16 cases of statin-clarithromycin adverse drug reactions (rhabdomyolysis (n = 14) or less severe clinical myopathy) involved a CYP3A4-metabolized statin (simvastatin, lovastatin or atorvastatin). In line, a cohort study found concurrent use of clarithromycin and CYP3A4-metabolized statins to be associated with a doubled risk of hospitalisation with rhabdomyolysis or other statin-related adverse events as compared with azithromycin-statin co-administration. If clarithromycin is necessary, we recommend 1) avoiding co-administration with simvastatin, lovastatin or atorvastatin; 2) withholding or dose-reducing pitavastatin; 3) continuing pravastatin therapy with caution, limiting pravastatin dose to 40 mg daily and 4) continuing fluvastatin or rosuvastatin with caution.
OriginalsprogEngelsk
TidsskriftBasic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology
Vol/bind126
Udgave nummer4
Sider (fra-til)307-317
ISSN1742-7835
DOI
StatusUdgivet - apr. 2020

Bibliografisk note

© 2019 Nordic Association for the Publication of BCPT (former Nordic Pharmacological Society).

Emneord

  • miniReview
  • case report
  • clarithromycin
  • drug-drug interaction
  • statins

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