TY - GEN
T1 - Health Technology and Sensorsfor Tissue Monitoring
AU - Momeni, Mahdi
PY - 2025/5/4
Y1 - 2025/5/4
N2 - Advancing non-invasive and real-time monitoring technologies is essential for enhancing diagnostic capabilities and patient outcomes in biomedical research and clinical practice. This dissertation, based on two clinical experiments and one laboratory study, presents novel methodologies employing bioimpedance and optical sensing techniques for detecting biofilm growth, assessing hemodynamic parameters, and monitoring tissue perfusion, thereby contributing to medical diagnostics and critical care.First, in a laboratory-based study, a quasi-3D impedance measurement approach using the square wave method with parallactic excitation was developed to detect biofilm formation. This time-domain impedance measurement system enabled rapid, label-free detection of Escherichia coli (E. coli) biofilms. The reconstructed impedance images showed promising results, closely aligning with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) images. This methodology presents a potential avenue for portable, real-time bacterial infection monitoring.Second, in a clinical study spanning over 2,500 minutes of recorded video data, facial remote photoplethysmography (rPPG)was explored as a non-contact modality for continuous hemodynamic monitoring, including heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), and systemic vascular resistance (SVR), during temperature-variant intravenous fluid bolus administration. The HR estimation methods achieved an average absolute error of 4.28 bpm, with optimal performance reaching as low as 2.55 bpm. Additionally, SV and SVR showed strong correlations, with average r values of 0.571 and 0.606, respectively, across five regions of interest, and peak correlations of r = 0.846 for SV and r = 0.873 for SVR. These results highlight the potential of rPPG for real-time cardiovascular monitoring in critical care settings.Finally, in a second clinical study involving post-open heart surgery patients, a multimodal imaging framework combining photoplethysmography imaging (iPPG) and infrared thermography (IRT) was developed to assess thoracic wall perfusion. The study revealed correlations between regional oxygenation sensor data, skin temperature, and four defined perfusion indices, underscoring the potential of noncontact imaging for postoperative tissue perfusion monitoring.Overall, this dissertation advances the integration of bioimpedance and optical sensing techniques for non-invasive, real-time physiological monitoring. The findings have broad implications for biomedical sensing, clinical diagnostics, and the development of innovative medical technologies aimed at improving patient care and outcomes. For instance, the bioimpedance-based approach could be adapted for central venous catheter (CVC) infection detection, enabling early identification of biofilm formation and reducing the risk of bloodstream infections. Similarly, the optical sensing techniques could be applied to diabetic foot wound healing monitoring, providing real-time assessment of tissue perfusion and oxygenation to guide personalized treatment strategies. These applications demonstrate the transformative potential of the proposed technologies in addressing critical healthcare challenges.
AB - Advancing non-invasive and real-time monitoring technologies is essential for enhancing diagnostic capabilities and patient outcomes in biomedical research and clinical practice. This dissertation, based on two clinical experiments and one laboratory study, presents novel methodologies employing bioimpedance and optical sensing techniques for detecting biofilm growth, assessing hemodynamic parameters, and monitoring tissue perfusion, thereby contributing to medical diagnostics and critical care.First, in a laboratory-based study, a quasi-3D impedance measurement approach using the square wave method with parallactic excitation was developed to detect biofilm formation. This time-domain impedance measurement system enabled rapid, label-free detection of Escherichia coli (E. coli) biofilms. The reconstructed impedance images showed promising results, closely aligning with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) images. This methodology presents a potential avenue for portable, real-time bacterial infection monitoring.Second, in a clinical study spanning over 2,500 minutes of recorded video data, facial remote photoplethysmography (rPPG)was explored as a non-contact modality for continuous hemodynamic monitoring, including heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), and systemic vascular resistance (SVR), during temperature-variant intravenous fluid bolus administration. The HR estimation methods achieved an average absolute error of 4.28 bpm, with optimal performance reaching as low as 2.55 bpm. Additionally, SV and SVR showed strong correlations, with average r values of 0.571 and 0.606, respectively, across five regions of interest, and peak correlations of r = 0.846 for SV and r = 0.873 for SVR. These results highlight the potential of rPPG for real-time cardiovascular monitoring in critical care settings.Finally, in a second clinical study involving post-open heart surgery patients, a multimodal imaging framework combining photoplethysmography imaging (iPPG) and infrared thermography (IRT) was developed to assess thoracic wall perfusion. The study revealed correlations between regional oxygenation sensor data, skin temperature, and four defined perfusion indices, underscoring the potential of noncontact imaging for postoperative tissue perfusion monitoring.Overall, this dissertation advances the integration of bioimpedance and optical sensing techniques for non-invasive, real-time physiological monitoring. The findings have broad implications for biomedical sensing, clinical diagnostics, and the development of innovative medical technologies aimed at improving patient care and outcomes. For instance, the bioimpedance-based approach could be adapted for central venous catheter (CVC) infection detection, enabling early identification of biofilm formation and reducing the risk of bloodstream infections. Similarly, the optical sensing techniques could be applied to diabetic foot wound healing monitoring, providing real-time assessment of tissue perfusion and oxygenation to guide personalized treatment strategies. These applications demonstrate the transformative potential of the proposed technologies in addressing critical healthcare challenges.
M3 - Ph.D. thesis
PB - Syddansk Universitet. Det Tekniske Fakultet
ER -