Haemolytic uraemic syndrome in children--a systematic review

Haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) consists of the triad microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia, acute uraemia and thrombocytopenia. HUS leads to significant morbidity and mortality during the acute phase and it is the most common cause of acute renal failure in children. This article reviews the recent knowledge related to HUS with emphasis on aetiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, manifestations, prognostic factors and long-term outcome. Finally, current guidelines for the treatment of HUS and the potential therapeutic agents for the prevention and treatment of the disease are reviewed