@article{9057b470646e11ddb1a1000ea68e967b,
title = "Ferruginous conditions dominated later Neoproterozoic deep water chemistry",
abstract = "Earth's surface chemical environment has evolved from an early anoxic condition to the oxic state we have today. Transitional between an earlier Proterozoic world with widespread deep-water anoxia and a Phanerozoic world with large oxygen-utilizing animals, the Neoproterozoic Era [1000 to 542 million years ago (Ma)] plays a key role in this history. The details of Neoproterozoic Earth surface oxygenation, however, remain unclear. We report that through much of the later Neoproterozoic (<742 ± 6 Ma), anoxia remained widespread beneath the mixed layer of the oceans; deeper water masses were sometimes sulfidic but were mainly Fe2+-enriched. These ferruginous conditions marked a return to ocean chemistry not seen for more than one billion years of Earth history.",
author = "Canfield, {Donald Eugene} and Poulton, {Simon W.} and Knoll, {Andrew H.} and Narbonne, {Guy M.}",
year = "2008",
month = aug,
day = "7",
doi = "10.1126/science.1154499",
language = "English",
volume = "321",
pages = "949--952",
journal = "Science",
issn = "0036-8075",
publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",
number = "5891",
}