Evaluating a Dialogue-based Bystander Intervention for Work-related Gender-based Violence and Harassment: A Mixed Method Pilot Study

Purpose
This pilot study evaluates the experiences and perceived effects of the dialogue-based primary-level bystander intervention “Intervene: Sexual Harassment” in preventing work-related gender-based violence and harassment within a Danish public organisation.

Design/methodology/approach
A longitudinal mixed method approach was used across six care facilities. Group interviews were analysed using thematic analysis to assess participants’ experiences, while dependent sample t-tests measured changes in bystander behaviours, attitudes, and perceived barriers. Two proportion z-score tests were used to evaluate changes in GBVH prevalence from baseline to follow-up.

Findings
Thematic analysis indicated that participants experienced increased knowledge and awareness of GBVH, increased personal and shared responsibility for addressing it, and greater confidence in doing so. However, dependent sample t-tests showed no significant changes quantitative outcomes. Contextual factors obstructing (e.g., lack of time) and facilitating (e.g., leadership endorsement) the implementation and effects of the intervention were also identified. Results suggest that “Intervene: Sexual Harassment” may positively affect factors associated with constructive bystander behaviour.

Originality
This study is one of few empirical evaluations of bystander intervention programs in organisational settings, emphasising the importance of contextual factors in implementation and the need for further research on long-term effectiveness.

Research limitations
The quantitative results are limited by a small sample size.

Practical implications
Leadership endorsement and addressing time constraints are essential for enhancing bystander interventions’ effectiveness. Tailored vignettes can further support contextual relevance and engagement.