TY - GEN
T1 - Coronary artery plaque morphology in asymptomatic Danish men aged 65-75 year and the relation to insulin resistance and glycemic status
AU - Larsson, Johanna
PY - 2025/2/18
Y1 - 2025/2/18
N2 - This thesis is based on three original articles where all data originated from a study performed at theCardiovascular Research Unit at Odense University Hospital (OUH) Svendborg Hospital. Background Insulin resistance (IR) and pre-diabetes have been associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease(CAD) and heart failure (HF). Increased intra-plaque necrotic core volume and specific high-risk plaque (HRP)features in the coronary arteries have been associated with increased risk of adverse coronary events.Furthermore, the evaluation of left ventricular (LV) systolic function using global longitudinal strain (GLS), hasbeen found to be superior to LV ejection fraction (LVEF) in finding subtle impairments in LV systolic function.However, studies assessing vulnerable plaque composition, HRP, and GLS in asymptomatic elderlyparticipants with no history of CAD or diabetes are lacking. ObjectivesIn a study population consisting of asymptomatic elderly men with no history of diabetes or CAD, we aimedto assess:• Vulnerable plaque composition, assessed as necrotic plaque volume, in relation to IR and prediabetes.• The prevalence of HRP and assess HRP in relation to IR and pre-diabetes.• GLS in relation to IR and pre-diabetes. MethodThis PhD thesis is based on data from a descriptive cross-sectional single-center study conducted betweenMay 2016 and July 2019 at Odense University Hospital (OUH) Svendborg Hospital, Denmark. We includedasymptomatic participants with no history of diabetes or CAD. All included participants underwent onecontrast enhanced coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), one echocardiography, and one oralglucose tolerance test (OGTT). Additionally, we assessed IR using homeostatic assessment for IR (HOMA-IR). Main findings • Higher HOMA-IR tertile was significantly associated with increased necrotic plaque volume• Pre-diabetes was not associated with necrotic plaque volume• 15% of the participants had HRP, and participants with HRP had significantly increased necroticplaque volume• HRP was not associated with HOMA-IR or pre-diabetes• A univariable trend was found between GLS and HOMA-IR, but in the final multivariable regressionmodel, only waist-to-height-ratio (WH) remained significantly associated with GLS• Pre-diabetes was not associated with GLS ConclusionsIn asymptomatic elderly men without diabetes or CAD, IR, but not hyperglycemia, seems to increase thevulnerability of the coronary plaque by increasing the necrotic plaque volume. This may indicate that IR,assessed using HOMA-IR, may have a role when in predicting adverse cardiac events. Furthermore, 15% ofthe participants had HRP, but we did not find a significant association between HRP and IR or pre-diabetes.In the final adjusted regression model, HRP was associated with necrotic plaque volume, which may indicatemore vulnerable coronary plaque with an increased risk of future adverse cardiac event. Finally, pre-diabeteswas not associated with GLS, but we found a significant trend between GLS and HOMA-IR tertiles. In the finalregression model, WH, but not HOMA-IR tertiles, remained significantly associated with GLS.
AB - This thesis is based on three original articles where all data originated from a study performed at theCardiovascular Research Unit at Odense University Hospital (OUH) Svendborg Hospital. Background Insulin resistance (IR) and pre-diabetes have been associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease(CAD) and heart failure (HF). Increased intra-plaque necrotic core volume and specific high-risk plaque (HRP)features in the coronary arteries have been associated with increased risk of adverse coronary events.Furthermore, the evaluation of left ventricular (LV) systolic function using global longitudinal strain (GLS), hasbeen found to be superior to LV ejection fraction (LVEF) in finding subtle impairments in LV systolic function.However, studies assessing vulnerable plaque composition, HRP, and GLS in asymptomatic elderlyparticipants with no history of CAD or diabetes are lacking. ObjectivesIn a study population consisting of asymptomatic elderly men with no history of diabetes or CAD, we aimedto assess:• Vulnerable plaque composition, assessed as necrotic plaque volume, in relation to IR and prediabetes.• The prevalence of HRP and assess HRP in relation to IR and pre-diabetes.• GLS in relation to IR and pre-diabetes. MethodThis PhD thesis is based on data from a descriptive cross-sectional single-center study conducted betweenMay 2016 and July 2019 at Odense University Hospital (OUH) Svendborg Hospital, Denmark. We includedasymptomatic participants with no history of diabetes or CAD. All included participants underwent onecontrast enhanced coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), one echocardiography, and one oralglucose tolerance test (OGTT). Additionally, we assessed IR using homeostatic assessment for IR (HOMA-IR). Main findings • Higher HOMA-IR tertile was significantly associated with increased necrotic plaque volume• Pre-diabetes was not associated with necrotic plaque volume• 15% of the participants had HRP, and participants with HRP had significantly increased necroticplaque volume• HRP was not associated with HOMA-IR or pre-diabetes• A univariable trend was found between GLS and HOMA-IR, but in the final multivariable regressionmodel, only waist-to-height-ratio (WH) remained significantly associated with GLS• Pre-diabetes was not associated with GLS ConclusionsIn asymptomatic elderly men without diabetes or CAD, IR, but not hyperglycemia, seems to increase thevulnerability of the coronary plaque by increasing the necrotic plaque volume. This may indicate that IR,assessed using HOMA-IR, may have a role when in predicting adverse cardiac events. Furthermore, 15% ofthe participants had HRP, but we did not find a significant association between HRP and IR or pre-diabetes.In the final adjusted regression model, HRP was associated with necrotic plaque volume, which may indicatemore vulnerable coronary plaque with an increased risk of future adverse cardiac event. Finally, pre-diabeteswas not associated with GLS, but we found a significant trend between GLS and HOMA-IR tertiles. In the finalregression model, WH, but not HOMA-IR tertiles, remained significantly associated with GLS.
U2 - 10.21996/d0cb436b-b7f4-4005-a90a-a336ea4c795d
DO - 10.21996/d0cb436b-b7f4-4005-a90a-a336ea4c795d
M3 - Ph.D. thesis
PB - Syddansk Universitet. Det Sundhedsvidenskabelige Fakultet
ER -