A unified topology approach to dot-, rod-, and sheet-MOFs

Metal-organic frameworks made from multi-metal-ion units in the shape of clusters and rods (termed dot-MOFs and rod-MOFs) are well known. Here, we introduce MOFs with multi-metallic units in the form of sheets-sheet-MOFs. We show exemplars of all three types of units based on structures containing Y3+, Ce3+, or Gd3+ linked by benzene1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylate to give crystals of a dot-MOF in H2NMe2[Y(b-tec)(H2O)] CTH-14, a sheet-MOF in [Ce-3(btec)(Hbtec)(OAc)(HCO2)] CTH-15, and a rod-MOF in 4,4'-azopyridinium[Gd-2(btec)(2)] CTH-16. Cyclic voltammetry shows that CTH-15 stabilizes Ce(IV). Given the fact that sheet-MOFs represent an intellectual advance in the evolution of MOFs, a unified approach is proposed for the topological classification of dot-, rod-, and sheet-MOFs. It is suggested that the stability ofMOFs follow in the trend dot < rod < sheet. For CTH-14-16, the sheet- and the rod-MOF have higher thermal stability. We suggest sheet-MOFs as an additional strategy for making robust MOFs.