TY - GEN
T1 - A Data-driven and Ontology-based Energy Modeling Framework for Building Digital Twins
AU - Bjørnskov, Jakob
PY - 2024/11/4
Y1 - 2024/11/4
N2 - Buildings are undergoing rapid digitalization with the adoption of IoT sensors,
smart meters, and advanced control systems. This digital transformation has
introduced the concept of digital twins, which can monitor, adapt, and optimize
building operation. However, while the concept of digital twins has been
successfully adopted in other industries such as manufacturing and aerospace
engineering, it has still not reached a mature stage for the building domain.This thesis introduces an innovative modeling framework as a key component
in the construction of digital twin solutions for buildings. The framework is
designed for the development of scalable and adaptable energy simulation models
with a focus on two major topics: 1) data-driven simulation models and 2)
ontology-based semantic models.To implement this concept, the framework incorporates the SAREF ontology
and its extensions, providing a standardized semantic structure for representing
building components, systems, and their interactions. A modular, data-driven
approach is proposed where individual building components are modeled using
either physics-based grey-box models or machine-learning black-box models.
A novel method is presented for the automated assembly of these component
models into a complete building energy model, based on the system topology and
equipment properties defined in the semantic model. A method for automated
model calibration based on actual operational data is also presented.The added value and potential services unlocked using the framework are
demonstrated in several case studies of different types and scales ranging from a
single university classroom, and a ventilation system with its central equipment,
to a large-scale case of a hospital building. The results demonstrate that the
framework can effectively integrate in real-time, detect anomalies, evaluate
energy-saving and comfort-improving strategies, and provide actionable insights
to building managers. The focus on data-driven models and ontologies ensures
interoperability and scalability to potentially expand to large-scale buildings,
building clusters, or urban-scale digital twins in the future. Looking ahead, this
framework opens the door to more sophisticated applications, such as predictive
maintenance and automated control adjustments. As digital twins become more
prevalent, this research provides a foundational step toward smarter and more
efficient buildings.
AB - Buildings are undergoing rapid digitalization with the adoption of IoT sensors,
smart meters, and advanced control systems. This digital transformation has
introduced the concept of digital twins, which can monitor, adapt, and optimize
building operation. However, while the concept of digital twins has been
successfully adopted in other industries such as manufacturing and aerospace
engineering, it has still not reached a mature stage for the building domain.This thesis introduces an innovative modeling framework as a key component
in the construction of digital twin solutions for buildings. The framework is
designed for the development of scalable and adaptable energy simulation models
with a focus on two major topics: 1) data-driven simulation models and 2)
ontology-based semantic models.To implement this concept, the framework incorporates the SAREF ontology
and its extensions, providing a standardized semantic structure for representing
building components, systems, and their interactions. A modular, data-driven
approach is proposed where individual building components are modeled using
either physics-based grey-box models or machine-learning black-box models.
A novel method is presented for the automated assembly of these component
models into a complete building energy model, based on the system topology and
equipment properties defined in the semantic model. A method for automated
model calibration based on actual operational data is also presented.The added value and potential services unlocked using the framework are
demonstrated in several case studies of different types and scales ranging from a
single university classroom, and a ventilation system with its central equipment,
to a large-scale case of a hospital building. The results demonstrate that the
framework can effectively integrate in real-time, detect anomalies, evaluate
energy-saving and comfort-improving strategies, and provide actionable insights
to building managers. The focus on data-driven models and ontologies ensures
interoperability and scalability to potentially expand to large-scale buildings,
building clusters, or urban-scale digital twins in the future. Looking ahead, this
framework opens the door to more sophisticated applications, such as predictive
maintenance and automated control adjustments. As digital twins become more
prevalent, this research provides a foundational step toward smarter and more
efficient buildings.
U2 - 10.21996/ypn1-ja66
DO - 10.21996/ypn1-ja66
M3 - Ph.D. thesis
PB - Syddansk Universitet. Det Tekniske Fakultet
ER -